CD106 Antibody / VCAM-1

CD106, also known as Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), is a cell surface marker that plays a critical role in immune response and inflammation. With the development of the CD106 antibody, researchers now have a powerful tool to study the expression and function of CD106 in various biological processes. CD106 has emerged as a key player in identifying and understanding activated endothelial cells. Also known as VCAM-1, CD106 is a cell adhesion molecule that plays a pivotal role in mediating the adhesion and migration of leukocytes to sites of inflammation. Here we will touch briefly on the significance of CD106 as an activated endothelial cell marker and its implications in various physiological and pathological processes. Activated endothelial cells play a crucial role in the regulation of vascular permeability, the activation of immune responses, and the recruitment of immune cells to sites of infection or injury. CD106 is upregulated on the surface of endothelial cells upon activation by pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1). This upregulation of CD106 facilitates the adhesion of circulating leukocytes expressing the integrin VLA-4, thereby promoting their extravasation and infiltration into the affected tissues. The expression of CD106 on activated endothelial cells has been implicated in various inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, including atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. In these diseases, the dysregulation of CD106-mediated leukocyte recruitment can lead to chronic inflammation and tissue damage. Hence, CD106 serves as a biomarker for endothelial cell activation and a potential target for therapeutic intervention in these pathologies. Furthermore, the understanding of CD106 as an activated endothelial cell marker has opened up new avenues for the development of targeted therapies for inflammatory disorders. By specifically inhibiting the interaction between CD106 and its ligands on leukocytes, researchers are exploring novel approaches to modulate immune cell recruitment and reduce tissue inflammation. This targeted approach holds promise for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases with minimal side effects compared to traditional immunosuppressive therapies.

 

Various assays can be used with CD106 antibody, including flow cytometry, western blot, immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence, and ELISA, to study and characterize this important protein.

Flow Cytometry:

Flow cytometry is a widely used technique for analyzing the expression of cell surface markers such as CD106. By using CD106 antibody conjugated with fluorophores, researchers can easily identify and quantify CD106-positive cells in a sample. This assay is particularly useful for studying the activation and differentiation of immune cells.

Western Blot:

Western blotting is a common technique used to detect specific proteins in a complex mixture. By using CD106 antibody in western blot, researchers can determine the molecular weight and expression level of CD106 in different cell lysates. This assay is crucial for understanding the regulation of CD106 expression in various cell types.

Immunohistochemistry:

Immunohistochemistry allows researchers to visualize the spatial distribution of CD106 in tissue samples. By using CD106 antibody in immunohistochemistry, researchers can localize CD106 expression in specific cell types and tissues. This assay is essential for studying the role of CD106 in diseases such as inflammation and cancer.

Immunocytochemistry:

Immunocytochemistry is a technique used to visualize the expression of proteins in cultured cells. By using CD106 antibody in immunocytochemistry, researchers can study the subcellular localization of CD106 and its interaction with other proteins. This assay is crucial for understanding the cellular mechanisms regulated by CD106.

Immunofluorescence:

Immunofluorescence is a technique that combines immunocytochemistry with fluorescent microscopy to visualize the expression of proteins in cells. By using CD106 antibody in immunofluorescence, researchers can study the dynamic changes in CD106 expression in response to stimuli. This assay is invaluable for studying the role of CD106 in cell adhesion and migration.

ELISA:

ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is a sensitive technique used to quantify the concentration of proteins in biological samples. By using CD106 antibody in ELISA, researchers can measure the levels of soluble CD106 in serum or tissue homogenates. This assay is essential for studying the systemic regulation of CD106 expression in disease conditions.

CD106 antibody is a powerful tool that can be used in a variety of assays to study the expression and function of CD106 in different biological processes. By utilizing techniques such as flow cytometry, western blot, immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence, and ELISA, researchers can gain valuable insights into the role of CD106 in immune response, inflammation, and disease. Harnessing the power of CD106 antibody will undoubtedly advance our understanding of the complex mechanisms regulated by this important cell surface marker.