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Email: info@nsjbio.com
- Tel: 858.663.9055
- Email: info@nsjbio.com
NSMAF antibody detects Neutral sphingomyelinase activation associated factor, a cytoplasmic adapter protein encoded by the NSMAF gene located on chromosome 8q12.3. NSMAF, also known as FAN (Factor Associated with Neutral sphingomyelinase activation), functions as a key signaling mediator in the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and Fas receptor pathways. The protein plays a crucial role in linking cell surface death receptors to intracellular sphingolipid metabolism and apoptosis. Structurally, NSMAF contains WD40 repeats that form a beta-propeller domain, facilitating protein-protein interactions involved in signal transduction. It acts as an adaptor that activates neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase), leading to ceramide generation'a central event in stress-induced and inflammatory signaling.
At the cellular level, NSMAF antibody recognizes a protein localized in the cytoplasm and associated with endoplasmic reticulum membranes during receptor activation. Upon TNF-alpha or Fas ligand stimulation, NSMAF interacts with TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) and FAN-interacting proteins, triggering the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin into ceramide by nSMase2. Ceramide acts as a bioactive lipid second messenger that regulates apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, and oxidative stress responses. This signaling mechanism is essential for maintaining immune homeostasis and cellular stress adaptation.
Functional studies have shown that NSMAF contributes to cell death regulation, immune signaling, and host defense mechanisms. Dysregulation of the NSMAF-nSMase-ceramide pathway has been implicated in chronic inflammatory diseases, metabolic disorders, and neurodegeneration. In the nervous system, ceramide accumulation triggered by NSMAF signaling can promote neuronal apoptosis and has been associated with diseases such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. Conversely, controlled activation of NSMAF supports immune responses by facilitating cytokine release and pathogen clearance. The protein may also modulate NF-kappaB signaling and contribute to receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Structurally, NSMAF consists of several WD repeat domains that create a stable platform for protein interaction with nSMase2, TRADD, and RIP1. This organization enables NSMAF to function as a scaffold for assembly of TNF receptor signaling complexes. Alternative splicing of NSMAF produces isoforms that may vary in their regulatory or tissue-specific functions. Expression is highest in immune organs such as spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus, but is also detected in brain, liver, and kidney, reflecting its broad physiological role.
Clinically, mutations or altered expression of NSMAF have been linked to immune dysregulation, susceptibility to infections, and cancer. Impaired NSMAF signaling can lead to defective ceramide synthesis and resistance to apoptosis in tumor cells. Inflammatory pathologies such as colitis and rheumatoid arthritis show altered ceramide signaling patterns involving NSMAF activation. Its involvement in lipid-mediated signaling makes it a target of interest for therapeutic interventions aiming to modulate sphingolipid metabolism and inflammatory pathways.
Immunohistochemical analysis using NSMAF antibody shows strong cytoplasmic staining in immune and epithelial tissues. The NSMAF antibody from NSJ Bioreagents is a valuable tool for investigating TNF-alpha signaling, ceramide metabolism, and the molecular mechanisms linking lipid signaling to cell death and immunity.
Optimal dilution of the NSMAF antibody should be determined by the researcher.
E.coli-derived human NSMAF recombinant protein (Position: K51-L868) was used as the immunogen for the NSMAF antibody.
After reconstitution, the NSMAF antibody can be stored for up to one month at 4oC. For long-term, aliquot and store at -20oC. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
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