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Email: info@nsjbio.com
- Tel: 858.663.9055
- Email: info@nsjbio.com
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Glutamate-ammonia ligase is a cytosolic enzyme encoded by the GLUL gene and widely known as Glutamine synthetase. Glutamine Synthetase Antibody Mouse Monoclonal is developed to detect this key metabolic enzyme, which catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of glutamate and ammonia into glutamine. This reaction is central to nitrogen metabolism, ammonia detoxification, and regulation of intracellular glutamine pools. The GLUL gene is located on chromosome 1q31.3 and exhibits distinct tissue-specific expression patterns that reflect metabolic demand and cellular specialization.
Glutamine synthetase demonstrates highly characteristic distribution in normal tissues. In the liver, GLUL expression is typically restricted to pericentral hepatocytes surrounding central veins, forming a sharply demarcated zonal pattern that mirrors hepatic metabolic compartmentalization. This zonation is widely used in research studies evaluating liver architecture, regeneration, and tumor-associated pathway activation. In the central nervous system, GLUL is enriched in astrocytes, where it participates in the glutamate-glutamine cycle and supports neurotransmitter recycling. In these glial cells, the enzyme localizes to the cytoplasm and is distributed throughout the cell body and processes within the neuropil.
Expression can also be observed in kidney, skeletal muscle, and selected epithelial tissues depending on physiological context. In oncology research, altered glutamine synthetase expression has been reported in hepatocellular carcinoma and other malignancies, where GLUL upregulation may correlate with metabolic reprogramming and signaling pathway activation. These biologically distinct expression patterns make GLUL a valuable marker in studies examining tissue differentiation, metabolic zonation, and cancer-associated metabolic adaptation.
As a mouse monoclonal reagent, Glutamine Synthetase Antibody Mouse Monoclonal provides defined target recognition suitable for research applications assessing cytoplasmic localization and relative expression levels. Positive cells typically demonstrate diffuse to granular cytoplasmic staining consistent with the known intracellular distribution of glutamine synthetase. This antibody supports investigation of GLUL expression in normal tissues and disease-associated contexts.
Optimal dilution of the Glutamine Synthetase antibody mouse monoclonal should be determined by the researcher.
A portion of amino acids 50-250 was used as the immunogen for the Glutamine Synthetase antibody.
Aliquot the Glutamine Synthetase antibody and store frozen at -20oC or colder. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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