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Email: info@nsjbio.com
- Tel: 858.663.9055
- Email: info@nsjbio.com
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Glutamate-ammonia ligase is a cytosolic enzyme encoded by the GLUL gene and commonly referred to as Glutamine synthetase. Glutamine Synthetase Antibody GLUL/6599 is developed to detect this essential metabolic enzyme, which catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of glutamate and ammonia into glutamine. This reaction is central to nitrogen metabolism, ammonia detoxification, and regulation of intracellular glutamine pools. The GLUL gene is located on chromosome 1q31.3 and exhibits distinct tissue-specific expression patterns reflective of metabolic demand.
Glutamine synthetase is best known for its sharply defined zonal expression in the liver, where GLUL is predominantly localized to pericentral hepatocytes surrounding central veins. This characteristic distribution mirrors hepatic metabolic compartmentalization and is frequently used in research evaluating liver architecture, regeneration, and tumor-associated pathway activation. In the central nervous system, GLUL is enriched in astrocytes, where it participates in the glutamate-glutamine cycle and supports neurotransmitter recycling. In these glial cells, the enzyme localizes to the cytoplasm and is distributed throughout the cell body and processes.
Beyond liver and brain, GLUL expression can be observed in kidney, skeletal muscle, and selected epithelial tissues depending on physiological context. In oncology research, altered glutamine synthetase expression has been described in hepatocellular carcinoma and other malignancies, where GLUL upregulation may correlate with metabolic reprogramming and signaling pathway activation. These biologically distinct patterns make GLUL a valuable marker for studies investigating tissue differentiation, metabolic zonation, and cancer-associated metabolic adaptation.
As a monoclonal reagent, Glutamine Synthetase Antibody GLUL/6599 provides defined target recognition suitable for research applications examining cytoplasmic localization and relative expression levels. Positive cells typically demonstrate diffuse to granular cytoplasmic staining consistent with the known intracellular distribution of glutamine synthetase. This antibody supports investigation of GLUL expression in normal tissues and disease-associated contexts.
Optimal dilution of the Glutamine Synthetase antibody GLUL/6599 should be determined by the researcher.
A portion of amino acids 50-250 was used as the immunogen for the Glutamine Synthetase antibody.
Aliquot the Glutamine Synthetase antibody and store frozen at -20oC or colder. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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