EPO Antibody / Hypoxia Response Hormone Antibody [clone EPO/1368] (V3373)

Description

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a secreted glycoprotein hormone encoded by the EPO gene and primarily produced in the kidney and liver, where it regulates red blood cell production in response to oxygen availability. EPO Antibody / Hypoxia Response Hormone Antibody (clone EPO/1368) targets this protein, which is synthesized intracellularly and secreted into circulation, with cytoplasmic staining typically observed in producing cells. EPO antibody, also referred to as Erythropoietin antibody in the literature, detects a key regulator of oxygen homeostasis and hematopoietic signaling. This antibody is part of a collection of Human Protein Microarray validated antibodies that have been screened for specificity across thousands of proteins.

Functionally, EPO plays a central role in erythropoiesis by stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. Its expression is tightly regulated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which activate EPO transcription under low oxygen conditions. This hypoxia-driven signaling pathway allows organisms to adapt to reduced oxygen availability by increasing red blood cell production, thereby enhancing oxygen delivery to tissues. In addition to its hematopoietic function, EPO has been implicated in cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic signaling in various cell types.

EPO expression is most prominent in renal peritubular cells and hepatocytes, particularly under hypoxic conditions. In tissue sections, immunohistochemical staining typically reveals cytoplasmic localization within these cells, reflecting active synthesis of the hormone. Expression may also be detected in other tissues and tumor types, where local hypoxia and altered signaling pathways drive EPO production. In cancer, EPO expression has been associated with tumor survival, angiogenesis, and adaptation to hypoxic microenvironments.

Structurally, EPO is a heavily glycosylated protein with multiple N-linked glycosylation sites that influence its stability, secretion, and biological activity. The mature protein is secreted as a circulating hormone that binds to the erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) on target cells, activating downstream signaling pathways that promote cell survival and proliferation. Glycosylation contributes to the observed variation in molecular weight during western blot analysis, where multiple forms of EPO may be detected depending on processing and modification states.

Altered EPO expression is associated with a range of physiological and pathological conditions, including anemia, chronic kidney disease, and cancer. In hypoxic tumors, increased EPO production contributes to tumor adaptation and progression, while in clinical settings, recombinant EPO is widely used to treat anemia. These diverse roles highlight the importance of EPO as both a physiological regulator and a disease-associated factor.

Supported by western blot, immunohistochemistry, and protein microarray validation, this antibody provides reliable detection of EPO across multiple experimental approaches. An EPO antibody is suitable for detecting this hypoxia response hormone in studies of erythropoiesis, oxygen sensing, and disease-related signaling pathways.

This antibody is part of a broader antibody panel offered by NSJ Bioreagents.

Application Notes

Titering of the EPO Antibody / Hypoxia Response Hormone Antibody may be required for optimal performance.

1. Required HIER: boil tissue sections in 10mM citrate buffer, pH 6, for 10-20 min.

Immunogen

A human recombinant partial protein was used as the immunogen for the EPO antibody.

Storage

Store the EPO antibody at 2-8oC (with azide) or aliquot and store at -20oC or colder (without azide).

Alternate Names

EPO antibody, Erythropoietin antibody, EPO hormone antibody, Erythropoietin hypoxia marker antibody, EPO glycoprotein hormone antibody