CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22 | Tetraspanin-28 Antibody

	Catalog No	Formulation	Size	Price (USD)
	V3485-100UG	0.2 mg/ml in 1X PBS with 0.1 mg/ml BSA (US sourced) and 0.05% sodium azide	100 ug	559
Formulation
	V3485-20UG	0.2 mg/ml in 1X PBS with 0.1 mg/ml BSA (US sourced) and 0.05% sodium azide	20 ug	259
Formulation
	V3485SAF-100UG	1 mg/ml in 1X PBS; BSA free, sodium azide free	100 ug	559
Formulation

CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22 Human Tonsil IHC. IHC staining of FFPE human tonsil tissue using CD81 Antibody, clone 1.3.3.22. Heat-induced epitope retrieval was performed by boiling tissue sections in 10 mM citrate buffer (pH 6.0) for 10-20 minutes, followed by cooling at room temperature for 20 minutes. Positive CD81 staining is observed in lymphoid cells within the tonsil. This CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22, also called a Tetraspanin-28 Antibody, demonstrates CD81 expression in human lymphoid tissue and supports studies of tetraspanin biology, immune signaling and membrane organization.

CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22 Human Lymph Node IHC. IHC staining of FFPE human lymph node tissue using CD81 Antibody, clone 1.3.3.22. Heat-induced epitope retrieval was performed by boiling tissue sections in 10 mM citrate buffer (pH 6.0) for 10-20 minutes, followed by cooling at room temperature for 20 minutes. Positive CD81 staining is observed in lymphoid cells within the lymph node. This CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22, also called a Tetraspanin-28 Antibody, demonstrates CD81 expression in human lymphoid tissue and supports studies of tetraspanin biology, immune signaling and membrane organization.

CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22 MCF-7 Exosome FACS. Flow cytometry analysis of bead-bound exosomes derived from human MCF-7 cells using CD81 Antibody, clone 1.3.3.22. The plot shows CD81-stained exosome-bound beads (orange) compared with unstained controls (gray), with a clear positive fluorescence shift demonstrating detection of exosomal CD81. This CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22, also called a Tetraspanin-28 Antibody, demonstrates recognition of CD81 on MCF-7-derived exosomes and supports studies of extracellular vesicles, tetraspanin biology and cellular communication.

CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22 MCF7 Cell FACS. Flow cytometry analysis of human MCF7 cells using CD81 Antibody, clone 1.3.3.22. The histogram shows CD81-stained cells (orange) compared with unstained cells (gray), with a strong positive fluorescence shift demonstrating cell-surface CD81 expression. This CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22, also called a Tetraspanin-28 Antibody, detects CD81 on human MCF7 cells and supports studies of tetraspanin membrane organization, cell-surface signaling and cellular communication.

CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22 Human Heart and Intestine WB. Western blot analysis of human heart and intestine tissue lysates using CD81 Antibody, clone 1.3.3.22. A specific band is detected at approximately 22-24 kDa, consistent with the expected molecular weight of CD81. This CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22, also called a Tetraspanin-28 Antibody, detects CD81 in human heart and intestine tissues and supports studies of tetraspanin expression, membrane organization and cell signaling.

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CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22 Human Tonsil IHC. IHC staining of FFPE human tonsil tissue using CD81 Antibody, clone 1.3.3.22. Heat-induced epitope retrieval was performed by boiling tissue sections in 10 mM citrate buffer (pH 6.0) for 10-20 minutes, followed by cooling at room temperature for 20 minutes. Positive CD81 staining is observed in lymphoid cells within the tonsil. This CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22, also called a Tetraspanin-28 Antibody, demonstrates CD81 expression in human lymphoid tissue and supports studies of tetraspanin biology, immune signaling and membrane organization.

CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22 Human Lymph Node IHC. IHC staining of FFPE human lymph node tissue using CD81 Antibody, clone 1.3.3.22. Heat-induced epitope retrieval was performed by boiling tissue sections in 10 mM citrate buffer (pH 6.0) for 10-20 minutes, followed by cooling at room temperature for 20 minutes. Positive CD81 staining is observed in lymphoid cells within the lymph node. This CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22, also called a Tetraspanin-28 Antibody, demonstrates CD81 expression in human lymphoid tissue and supports studies of tetraspanin biology, immune signaling and membrane organization.

CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22 MCF-7 Exosome FACS. Flow cytometry analysis of bead-bound exosomes derived from human MCF-7 cells using CD81 Antibody, clone 1.3.3.22. The plot shows CD81-stained exosome-bound beads (orange) compared with unstained controls (gray), with a clear positive fluorescence shift demonstrating detection of exosomal CD81. This CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22, also called a Tetraspanin-28 Antibody, demonstrates recognition of CD81 on MCF-7-derived exosomes and supports studies of extracellular vesicles, tetraspanin biology and cellular communication.

CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22 MCF7 Cell FACS. Flow cytometry analysis of human MCF7 cells using CD81 Antibody, clone 1.3.3.22. The histogram shows CD81-stained cells (orange) compared with unstained cells (gray), with a strong positive fluorescence shift demonstrating cell-surface CD81 expression. This CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22, also called a Tetraspanin-28 Antibody, detects CD81 on human MCF7 cells and supports studies of tetraspanin membrane organization, cell-surface signaling and cellular communication.

CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22 Human Heart and Intestine WB. Western blot analysis of human heart and intestine tissue lysates using CD81 Antibody, clone 1.3.3.22. A specific band is detected at approximately 22-24 kDa, consistent with the expected molecular weight of CD81. This CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22, also called a Tetraspanin-28 Antibody, detects CD81 in human heart and intestine tissues and supports studies of tetraspanin expression, membrane organization and cell signaling.

Availability	1-3 business days
Species Reactivity	Human
Format	Purified
Host	Mouse
Clonality	Monoclonal (mouse origin)
Isotype	Mouse IgG1, kappa
Clone Name	1.3.3.22
Purity	Protein G affinity chromatography
UniProt	P60033
Localization	Cytoplasmic, membranous
Applications	Flow Cytometry : 1-2ug/million cells Immunofluorescence : 1-3ug/ml Western Blot : 2-4ug/ml for 2 hours at RT Immunohistochemistry (FFPE) : 1-2ug/ml for 30 min at RT
Limitations	This CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22 / Tetraspanin-28 Antibody is available for research use only.
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Description

CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22 / Tetraspanin-28 Antibody recognizes CD81, a widely expressed cell-surface glycoprotein belonging to the tetraspanin family. CD81 is also known as Tetraspanin-28, TSPAN28 and TAPA-1 and contains four transmembrane domains characteristic of tetraspanin proteins. CD81 interacts with other membrane proteins to help organize specialized molecular assemblies at the cell surface. Through these associations, CD81 participates in cell adhesion, signaling, migration and intercellular communication. Clone 1.3.3.22 is a well-established mouse monoclonal antibody directed against CD81 and has been used extensively in published research.

CD81 contributes to the organization of tetraspanin-enriched membrane domains containing tetraspanins, integrins, receptors and signaling molecules. These complexes allow Tetraspanin-28 to influence the localization and interactions of other membrane proteins without functioning as a conventional enzyme or signaling receptor. CD81 can consequently affect processes including cellular activation, adhesion and migration through the composition and organization of its molecular partners. This membrane-organizing activity is an important feature of tetraspanin biology and provides a framework for investigating CD81-dependent cellular functions.

CD81 is particularly relevant to immune cell biology. The protein is expressed by numerous leukocyte populations and participates in molecular complexes involved in lymphocyte signaling and activation. On B cells, CD81 associates with CD19 and CD21 within the B-cell coreceptor complex, linking tetraspanin organization with regulation of B-cell responses. CD81 has also been investigated in T-cell development and other aspects of leukocyte function. Early studies of the protein under its TAPA-1 designation helped establish the broader biological importance of the tetraspanin family.

Beyond immune signaling, CD81 has important roles in pathogen-host interactions and extracellular vesicle biology. CD81 functions as a host factor for hepatitis C virus, with viral envelope protein interactions involving CD81 contributing to viral entry. Clone 1.3.3.22 itself has appeared in published studies investigating CD81 in the context of hepatitis C virus interactions. CD81 is also commonly associated with exosomes and other extracellular vesicles, where it is frequently studied alongside tetraspanins such as CD9 and CD63. These areas extend the relevance of Tetraspanin-28 to research on membrane trafficking, extracellular communication and disease biology.

Clone 1.3.3.22 has a substantial history of use in published CD81 research, making the clone designation itself useful for researchers seeking to reproduce or compare studies performed with this established monoclonal antibody. Its extensive literature history spans investigations of CD81 in immune signaling, membrane organization, pathogen-host interactions and extracellular vesicle biology. NSJ Bioreagents supplies clone 1.3.3.22 as a mouse monoclonal antibody for research on CD81/Tetraspanin-28. The specific validation data presented for this product provide the appropriate basis for selecting the antibody for experimental use.

For additional information on CD81/TAPA-1 and its roles in tetraspanin membrane organization, immune signaling and cellular communication, see our recombinant CD81 Antibody page.

Application Notes

Optimal dilution of the CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22 / Tetraspanin-28 Antibody should be determined by the researcher.

Immunogen

Recombinant full length human protein was used as the immunogen for the CD81 antibody.

Storage

Store the CD81 antibody at 2-8oC (with azide) or aliquot and store at -20oC or colder (without azide).

Alternate Names

CD81 antibody, CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22, Tetraspanin-28 antibody, TSPAN28 antibody, TAPA-1 antibody, Target of Antiproliferative Antibody 1 antibody

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CD81 Antibody 1.3.3.22 / Tetraspanin-28 Antibody [clone 1.3.3.22] (V3485)

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NSJ Bioreagents